The Anatomy of an Asphalt Shingle Roof

COMMERCIAL ROOFING

Whether you need a flat roof, shingles, or a metal roof, UNITED is here to help. Ask us about our insurance claims services today!

RESIDENTIAL ROOFING

If your roof is in need of repairs, replacement, or a complete overhaul, UNITED is here for you. Ask us about our remodeling & additions services today!

ABOUT UNITED

United Contracting & Roofing is a local, family owned and operated business. Our focus is long lasting relationships with our clients with quality service.

Office Locations:

Roofing Tips

Discover tips, advice, and resources from your friends at United Contracting and Roofing!

The Anatomy of an Asphalt Shingle Roof: What Every Homeowner Should Know

When you look at your home from the street, the roof may seem like a simple layer of shingles. In reality, an asphalt shingle roof is a system made up of multiple parts that all work together to protect your home. Knowing the basics of this structure can help you make better decisions about maintenance, repairs, or even full replacement. It also makes conversations with your roofing contractor clearer and less overwhelming.

The Roof Deck: Your Foundation

Every roof begins with the deck, which is usually made of plywood or oriented strand board (OSB). This is the flat surface that everything else attaches to. It provides the stability your roof system needs and supports the weight of the shingles, flashing, and other components. If your roof deck is weak or damaged, no amount of shingle replacement will solve the problem.

Underlayment and Ice and Water Shield: The Hidden Protectors

On top of the deck, your roofer installs an underlayment. This is a moisture barrier that adds a second line of defense if water gets under the shingles. Most modern underlayments are synthetic materials that resist tearing and repel water far better than the old felt paper.

In specific sections, like roof valleys or along eaves, your roof may also include an ice and water shield. This is a self-sealing material designed to guard the spots most prone to leaks. Homeowners in northern Georgia and upstate South Carolina may not see ice as often as colder regions, but heavy rain and wind make these shields just as valuable.

Starter Shingles and Asphalt Shingles: The Visible Surface

Before the main shingles are nailed down, roofers install starter shingles along the edges. These prevent wind from lifting the first row and keep water from seeping under the roofline.

The main asphalt shingles make up the protective and visible layer. They come in different styles and colors, but they all serve the same purpose: keeping water out, shielding the deck, and giving your home curb appeal. Homeowners often focus on this layer, but it only works well because of the system beneath it.

Flashing and Ridge Caps: Guarding the Weak Spots

Any place where the roof meets a wall, chimney, vent, or skylight needs flashing. These thin metal strips redirect water so it cannot seep into seams or joints. Without flashing, leaks become almost guaranteed. At the top of your roof, the ridge cap finishes off the peak. These pieces are specially shaped to bend over the ridge, sealing the joint while still allowing ventilation to flow from the attic.

Ventilation and Edge Protection

A healthy roof needs airflow. Intake vents at the soffits and exhaust vents along the ridge keep the attic cooler and drier, which helps prevent mold, rot, and premature shingle wear.

Along the edges, drip edge metal pushes rainwater away from the fascia boards and into the gutters. This small detail plays a big role in preventing wood rot and extending the life of your roof.

Why Homeowners Should Understand their Roof

Knowing these components helps you spot problems early. For example, if you see shingles curling at the edges, it may indicate poor ventilation. If water drips behind your gutters, the drip edge could be missing or damaged. When you understand the system, you can ask the right questions, request accurate repairs, and protect your home’s long-term value.

Your roof is more than just shingles. It is a carefully designed structure where each part matters. At United Contracting & Roofing, we make sure homeowners across northern Georgia and upstate South Carolina have roofs that perform as reliably as they look. If you are due for an inspection or repair, we are here to help you understand every step and keep your home protected.

We Won’t Be Beaten on Price!

Reach out to us today and get a FREE inspection on your roof.